In the pharyngeal/cricopharyngeal phase, the epiglottis is closed and breathing is inhibited.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not specified
• D. Partially

Answer: (A)

During the pharyngeal phase of swallowing, airway protection is the priority. The epiglottis retroflexes to cover the laryngeal inlet, and the larynx elevates with the vocal folds closing, creating a protective seal. At the same time, breathing is briefly paused (deglutition apnea) so the bolus can move through the pharynx and past the upper esophageal sphincter into the esophagus without risk of aspiration. The cricopharyngeal phase involves the relaxation of the cricopharyngeus to open the upper esophageal sphincter, allowing the bolus to enter the esophagus while airway protection continues until the swallow is complete. Because both the epiglottis closure and the temporary halt in respiration occur as part of this coordinated swallow, the statement is true. After the swallow, breathing resumes as normal.